CLASSIFICATION OF ALKALOIDS:-

CLASSIFICATION OF ALKALOIDS:-
The alkailoids can be classified according to
Biosynthetic Classification In this particular instance the significance solely lies to the precursor from which the alkaloids are produced in the plant biosynthetically.
Examples
1. Ornithine Derived Alkaloids
2. Lysine Derived Alkaloids
3. Nicotinic Acid Derived Alkaloids
4. Tyrosine Derived Alkaloids
5. Tryptophan Derived Alkaloids
6. Anthranilic Acid Derived Alkaloids
7. Histidine Derived Alkaloids
8. Amination Reacrion Derived Alkaloids
9. Purine Alkaloids
Ornithine-Derived Alkaloids
1. Pyrrolidine and Tropane Alkaloids (Hyoscymine, Hyoscine, Atropine)
2. Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids
A non-protein amino acid, L-ornithine, usually constitutes an integral part of the ‘urea-cycle’ in animals, wherein it is eventually produced from L-arginine in a reaction sequence catalyzed by the enzyme arginase as given below:
the general methods of isolation of alkaloids largely depend upon several vital factors, for instance: (a) the alkaline nature of most alkaloids, (b) the ability and ease of formation of alkaloidal salts with acids, and (c) the relative solubilities of the resulting alkaloidal salts either in polar organic solvents e.g., ethanol, chloroform, isopropanol etc., or in aqueous medium.