TRICHOMONAS

TRICHOMONAS
Disease
Trichomonas vaginalis causes trichomoniasis.
Important Properties
T. vaginalis is a pear-shaped organism with a central nucleus and four anterior flagella. It has an undulating membrane that extends about two-thirds of its length. It exists only as a trophozoite; there is no cyst form.
Pathogenesis & Epidemiology
The organism is transmitted by sexual contact. The primary locations are the vagina and the prostate.
Trichomoniasis is one of the most common infections worldwide. The frequency of symptomatic disease is highest among sexually active women in their 30s and lowest in postmenopausal women.
Clinical Findings
-In women, a watery, foul-smelling, greenish vaginal discharge accompanied by itching and burning occurs.
-Infection in men is usually asymptomatic, but about 10% of infected men have urethritis.
Laboratory Diagnosis
-In a wet mount of vaginal (or prostatic) secretions, the trophozoites have a typical jerky motion.
-There is no serologic test.
Treatment & Prevention
-The drug of choice is metronidazole (Flagyl) for both partners to prevent reinfection.
-Maintenance of the low pH of the vagina is helpful.
-No prophylactic drug or vaccine is available.